场地地震效应及其预测的某些考虑          下载免费PDF全文

蒋溥 《地震地质》1989,11(1):101-114

本文从场地地震危险性评价,地震危险性概率分析、场地地震工程地质单元划分、地震反应分析、活断层工程分类等五个方面、论述场地地震效应及其预测中基本原理和方法。根据工程地震危险性评价和分析、地震小区划等地震工程实践,对场地地震效应及其预测提供一些基本考虑和经验  相似文献   

Polar regionSq     

Wen-Yao Xu 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1989,131(3):371-393

Geomagnetically quiet day variations in the polar region are reviewed with respect to geomagnetic field variation, ionospheric plasma convection, electric field and current. Persistently existing field-aligned currents are the main source of the polar regionSq. Consequently, the morphology and variability of the polar regionSq largely depend upon both field-aligned currents and ionospheric conductivity. Since field-aligned currents are the major linkage between the ionosphere and the magnetosphere, the latter is controlled by solar wind state, in particular, the interplanetary magnetic field, the polar regionSq exhibits remarkable IMF dependence.  相似文献   

Mise en évidence expérimentale des facteurs nutritifs limitants de la production du micro-nanoplancton et de l'ultraplancton dans une eau côtière de la Méditerranée orientale (Haïfa,Israël)     

D. J. Bonin  M. C. Bonin  T. Berman 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1989,51(2):129-152

Enrichment experiments were carried out on seawater samples from the Israeli coast to characterise the nature of nutrient limitation. Phytoplankton chlorophyll, ATP, PC, PN, PP and bicarbonate and orthophosphate uptake rates indicate that phosphorus limitation is more extreme than that of nitrogen. A large increase in total nitrogen observed with P enrichment suggests that a substantial nitrogen fixation is mediated by picocyanobacteria in this kind of oligotrophic mediterranean waters.

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Temperature and heat flux spectra in the turbulent buoyancy subrange     

C. Sidi  F. Dalaudier 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1989,130(2-3):547-569

The physical nature of motions with scales intermediate between approximately isotropic turbulence and quasi-linear internal gravity waves is not understood at the present time. Such motions play an important role in the energetics of small scales processes, both in the ocean and in the atmosphere, and in vertical transport of heat and constituents. This scale range is currently interpreted either as a saturated gravity waves field or as a buoyancy range of turbulence.We first discuss some distinctive predictions of the classical (Lumley, Phillips) buoyancy range theory, recently improved (Weinstock, Dalaudier and Sidi) to describe potential energy associated with temperature fluctuations. This theory predicts the existence of a spectral gap in the temperature spectra and of an upward mass flux (downward buoyancy and heat fluxes), strongly increasing towards large scales. These predictions are contrasted with an alternate theory, assuming energetically insignificant buoyancy flux, proposed by Holloway.Then we present experimental evidences of such characteristic features obtained in the lower stratosphere with an instrumented balloon. Spectra of temperature, vertical velocity, and cospectra of both, obtained in homogeneous, weakly turbulent regions, are compared with theoretical predictions. These results are strongly consistent with the improved classical buoyancy range theory and support the existence of a significant downward heat flux in the buoyancy range.The theoretical implications of the understanding of this scale range are discussed. Many experimental evidences consistently show the need for an anisotropic theory of the buoyancy range of turbulence.  相似文献   

序贯一维型边缘检测新算法     

吕言 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1988,(4)

本文提出一种既可用于从图象上提取具有某种用途的一维边缘,又可用于提取具有多种用途的二维边缘的序贯一维型边缘检测新算法。由于构成该算法重要组成部分的基础算子的作用,以及将二维问题化为一维问题求解而使其明显具有简单,快速、有效的特点。该算法还具有Abdou等所建议的边缘检测算子应具有的两个特性。  相似文献   

The influence of medium-range transport on O3 levels at a rural site in Israel     

Batia Lifshitz  Mordechai Peleg  Menachem Luria 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1988,7(1):19-33

Simultaneous ozone measurements were made at a rural site, 25 km SSW of the city of Jerusalem, and in the center of the city during a period of 28 months. The ozone data were supplemented by SO₂, NO/NO _x ,and meteorological measurements at both sites. Elevated ozone concentrations were recorded at the rural site, mostly during the spring months (May and June) during which the monthly averages and the monthly averages of the daily 30 min maximum levels equalled those measured in the city. During the summer months, both average and peak levels were lower at the rural site by 20 and 35 ppb. The increased ozone levels at the rural site were accompanied by a parallel increase of SO₂ and NO _x ,suggesting hat the excess ozone at the rural site is a result of a transformation during transport of air pollutants from coastal sources.  相似文献   

我国西北部分地区地壳-上地幔电性横向变化特征与地震活动的关系   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

张云琳  安海静  刘晓玲  刘宝勤  贾政 《地震地质》1988,10(2):65

由50余个测点的大地电磁测深资料,讨论了该区的地壳-上地幔电性横向变化特征。按照上地幔第一低阻层顶面埋深,将测区划分为四类地区:浅埋深(55-90公里)、中浅埋深(90-110公里)、中深埋深(110-160公里)和深埋深(160-250公里)。讨论了本区六次大震例的深部电性背景。指出了上地幔顶部的梯度带地区、地壳内电性横向变化剧烈的地区和地壳内存在局部特殊增厚的低阻层地区将可以作为潜在震源区的深部电性判据之一  相似文献   

建议一个弥补震害资料不足的方法     

黄崇福 《地震研究》1988,(6)

本文用模糊贴近度原则作类比,提供了一种弥补震害预测时历史地震资料不足的方法,途径是将一个烈度之下的震害经验推广到其他烈度上去用。实践证明,用这种建立在近似推理基础之上的方法推导出来的结果,在总体趋势上和真实情况完全一致。  相似文献   

The role of vibrationally excited nitrogen in the ionosphere     

A. V. Pavlov 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1988,127(2-3):529-544

Theoretical and experimental aspects of the production, transformation, diffusion and loss of N₂ in the upper atmosphere are considered. The N₂-CO₂ near-resonant system in theD andE regions is taken into account. We describe our understanding of the methods necessary to find the vibrational populations of N₂ and CO₂ (asymmetric mode of CO₂). The calculations of the vibrational temperatures in theD, E, andF regions for the mid-latitude ionosphere and an aurora are presented. The connection between the excited species and the 4.26-m radiation intensities is considered. The models for the rate coefficient of the reaction of O⁺ with N₂ and the electron density decrease resulting from N₂ in the F region are discussed.  相似文献   

论宁夏金场子渗流热卤水-表生改造型金矿床的矿源     

徐国风 《地球科学》1988,(2)

稳定同位素、岩石微量元素(金)和地质特征研究的结果,表明金场子金矿床的成矿物质来源系上地壳源,并且金、银、铅、铜等金属和硫、硒、砷、氯、氟、碳等来源于石炭纪和泥盆纪沉积岩。成矿流体是大气水和沉积地层水的混合溶液。金矿化与地热流体渗流热卤水成矿作用和表生风化成矿作用有关。  相似文献